Right Honourable Philip Henry Mahon, 5th Earl Stanhope (1805-1875)
 
 
Handwritten inscription reads: Robert Southey, Esq. in token of respect and regard. Mahon Octr 1832. In the same year Stanhope published "The history of the war of succession in Spain, 1702-1714"
 
Coatzonte coxochitl, Lyncis flore seu Lyncea 
Currently valid name:
Stanhopea hernandezii (Kunth) Schlechter (1918.)
Detail of page 266 from
Rerum medicarum Novae Hispaniae Thesaurus, seu plantarum, animalium, mineralium Mexicanorum historica ex Francisci Hernandez relationibus ... coscriptis a Nardo Antonio Reccho . collecta ac in ordinem digesta J. Trentio. Published by François Cesi, Accademia dei Lincei, Roma, 1651.
 
As that can be seen on the reproduction above, according to Hernandez the local name of this orchid was 'Coatzonte Coxohitl'.

The name of Stanhopea tigrina Bateman ex Lindley 1838 may originate from this book, because the flower of S. tigrina is anything but closely similar to the shape, colors and stripes of a tiger.

Here are some fragments of the original text written by Hernandez I could figure out from the original, much larger reproduction of the whole page. (It is not an exact, letter-by-letter translation, nevertheless, the gist is clear.)

"The herb is Coatzonte Coxohitl, leaves similar to Iris but longer, broad, leaf stems are thin, green .... flowers are similar to heads of serpents .... colored ruby-like, punctuated with .... pale prominent spots, roots are truly long, in the young stage greenish and striped and contorted. .... The form of the flower is spectacular, odor is Lily-like, impossible to imitate it by describing with a pen, using words in a dignified (enough) way."

Thus, for Hernandez the leaves appeared to be similar to Iris (Tigridia?) and the flowers to heads of serpents: "... flores capitibus serpentes similes" (line 4 in the text proper).

Then in the last non-Italicized sentence Hernandez mentions its use to cure cold shivering (shivering fits), the symptom of extremely high body temperature caused by exposition to excessive radiation of the Sun.
Stanhopea hernandezii (Kunth) Schlechter (1918.)
 
Areal
Mexico - Mexico and Morelos States.
Occurrence in Michoacan State is uncertain.
Basionym
Anguloa hernandezii Kunth 1822
Synonyma
Maxillaria lyncea Lindley 1832
Stanhopea devoniensis Lindley 1838
Stanhopea lyncea (Lindley) P. N. Don 1845
? Stanhopea expansa P. N. Don 1845
? Stanhopea cavendishii Lindley ex Baxter 1850
Stanhopea devoniensis Lindley (1838.)
Day's Scrapbook 29:6.(1867.)
Stanhopea devoniensis Lindley (1838.)
Sertum Orchidacearum, t. 1. (1838.)
The Genus Stanhopea was established by Sir William Hooker in 1829, through publication of Stanhopea insignis in the Botanical Magazine, named for the Right Honourable Philip Henry Mahon, 5th Earl Stanhope, President of the Medico-Botanical Society of London from 1829 to 1837.

Members of the Stanhopea genus are distributed throughout Central and South America.

The pollinators are large Euglossine bees.
 
Stanhopea hernandezii (Kunth) Schlechter (1918.)
Synopsis Plantarum Aequinoctialium 1:332(1822.)
In 1570, Dr. Francisco Hernández was given the title of First Physician of the Indies by Philip The Vth, King of Spain and and awarded 60,000 ducats for botanical research.

The expedition was expected to last 5 years. When he reached the New World he found that the Aztecs had already devised a system of naming plants, which took into account their habitat and properties.

Hernández enlisted native guides, artists, herbalists, and physicians to teach him about the materia medica of the country. He was impressed with the fact that the Aztecs had developed extensive botanical gardens and zoos, and had created collections of natural oddities and minerals. As a result, Hernández was able to obtain a clear picture of Mexico's natural history.

As the earliest natural history of Mexico, his "Rerum Medicarum" provides a record of the first official scientific expedition to the New World.
Rerum medicarum Novæ Hispaniæ thesaurus,
seu,
Plantarum animalium mineralium mexicanorum historia. 
Ex Francisci Hernandez Noui Orbis medici primarii relationibus in ipsa mexicana urbe conscriptis a Nardo Antonio Reccho ... collecta ac in ordinem digesta; à Ioanne Terrentio ... notis illustrata ... Quibus jam excussis accessere demum alia quorum omnium synopsis sequenti pagina ponitur. Opus duobus voluminibus diuisum.

Rome: Ex typographeio Vitalis Mascardi, 1651.
 
To the main work has been added, without title page but with separate paging:
 
Historiae animalium et mineralium Novae Hispaniae ..., Francisco Fernandez authore.
 
Hernández records the names given to the plants in the native tongue of the region, whether it be Tarascan, Michoacan, or Aztec.

In the chapter describing jasper, or "bloodstone," he shows that it was used by the Indians just as Europeans used it, in powdered form to stop hemorrhages. After his official funds were exhausted, Hernández stayed on in Mexico for two more years to complete his mission, paying his own expenses. 

Before returning to Spain in 1577 he purposely had copies of his manuscript made to leave in Mexico, but none, unfortunately, survived.

When Hernández presented his work to the king, Philip had the manuscript sumptuously bound and then "buried it" in the Escorial's library. Following Hernández's death, Philip finally agreed to publish portions of the manuscript that he considered more useful, hiring Dr. Nardo Antonio Recchi to extract noteworthy passages.

After Recchi's death his nephew inherited his uncle's working manuscript and sold it to the Accademia Lincei. The Accademia prepared it for the press, and a few copies were printed in 1628 before funds ran out.

The projects was shelved until 1651, when the Spanish government supported publishing the two volume edition. Copies of this work continued to be made for many years, and an edition was published in Madrid as late as 1790.

Sadly, the original manuscript by Hernández, including all his drawings, perished in a fire in the Escorial in 1671. Only a few fragments survived.